Courses

REL 500/500e
Meditation Practicum I (3)
Drawing from both the Shambhala and Buddhist traditions, this course introduces students to the sitting practice and psychology of meditation. In these traditions, sitting meditation is the most direct means of training in mindfulness/awareness, which is the basis of contemplative psychotherapy and healing.

REL 501W
Theravada Vipassana Weekend (1)
When mindfulness meditation is practiced, the exquisite ordinariness of the movement of breath, of the sensation of the body sitting on the earth and of the busyness of the mind and emotions is discovered. This intensive weekend introduces insight meditation, “vipassana,” from the Theravada Buddhist tradition of Southeast Asia. This course includes mindfulness practice in sitting, walking and daily life through short talks, guided meditations and the practice of “noble silence.”

REL 503/503e
Tibetan I (4)
This class develops a foundation in literary Tibetan and begins the study of modern spoken Tibetan. The first semester focuses on the grammatical foundation of the language, the acquisition of basic vocabulary and training in the skills of correct pronunciation, handwriting and spelling. Students should expect to study at least eight hours a week outside of class.

REL 504W
The Breeze of Simplicity: Meditation Intensive Weekend (1)
Buddhist meditation is based on the path of seeing who we really are, very simply and naturally. The basics of sitting meditation practice from the Buddhist tradition are introduced. Beginning or experienced meditation students are guided through this direct experience of mind. This weekend includes lectures, discussion and meditation.

REL 507
Sanskrit I (4)
An introduction to the classical Sanskrit language. The first-year course includes developing familiarization with the Sanskrit alphabet (devanagari), mastering the conventions of euphonic combination (sandhi) and learning the basics of Sanskrit grammar. In addition, we begin reading texts from the classical Indian tradition, particularly selections from the Mahabharata and Ramayana and from some simple Buddhist texts (e.g., the Heart Sutra).

REL 510/510e
Meditation Practicum II (3)
In this class we explore the Mahayana (Great Path) Buddhist teachings on compassion, loving-kindness, emptiness (the non-existence of a separate self) and the interconnectedness of all things. Students are introduced to the meditation practice of tonglen (exchanging oneself for others), and the warrior discipline of lojong (mindtraining)—first introduced in Tibet one thousand years ago, and brought to the West by Naropa's founder, Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche. This training is very direct and practical rather than philosophical, and emphasizes gentleness and skillful action in our everyday dealings with other people. Prerequisite: REL 500e.

REL 512
Engaged Buddhism Training I: Contemplative Approaches to Social Action and Peacemaking (3)
This course focuses on setting up students’ service-learning program for year one and on giving them the context and skills to maximize the benefit of their service-learning experience. It involves a combination of regular on-campus classroom work and fieldwork including on-site visits to various social agencies, nonprofits, NGOs and other social action projects. It also includes several models for contemplative social action. One of the primary goals of this first-semester training is to create a learning community among the students that becomes the vehicle and context for their journey.

REL 515e
Buddhism and Social Action (3)
An examination of Buddhism’s historical and contemporary views and responses to social issues and on the emerging movement of engaged Buddhism within the larger context of engaged spirituality. While using traditional and contemporary texts, this class also explores the nature of the individual journey one makes in order to engage social action from a contemplative ground. Community-based volunteer work anchors this ground, allowing us to experience our individual understanding of “sacred view” through a personal path of action.

REL 519e/REL 319e
Essentials of Buddhism: The Buddha, Dharma and Sangha (3)
his online course presents the foundational teachings of Buddhism, as realized in the Three Jewels: The Buddha, The Dharma, and The Sangha. It consists of an in-depth study of the life of The Buddha, explores the teachings of the Four Noble Truths, and examines the meaning of Sangha. Through these topics we will explore what it means to be a Buddhist, in terms of practice, study, and community.

REL 525
Contemplative Christianity (3)
This course examines the contemplative/mystical tradition in Christianity and its recent recovery by mainstream Christians through the work of Thomas Merton and others. Students also consider three current trends in the progressive wing of Christianity: 1) creation-centered spirituality, as found in the Biblical tradition and medireview mystics, now being emphasized by ecological theologians; 2) the thought and practice of liberation theologians and its impact on the struggles of the Third World poor, feminists and gays/lesbians; 3) the work of Jesus Seminar scholars to uncover radical messages of Jesus in his historical context.

REL 527e
Buddha Nature: The Nature of Enlightenment in the Uttaratantra and Mahamudra (3)
One of Buddhism’s most important teachings is the doctrine of tathagatagarbha, or buddha nature, which proclaims the natural enlightenment of all beings, and the importance of uncovering this already present enlightenment through penetrating insight and meditation practice. The philosophy propounded in the Uttaratantra underlies the teachings of the Mahamudra tradition, one of the most profound Buddhist lineages of practice and accomplishment. This course examines the relationship of these two traditions through a close study of a landmark treatise by Gö Lotsawa (1392–1481 A.D.) and provides a rare opportunity to study the basis of the Mahamudra teachings in the Buddhist sutra tradition. Prerequisite: Several courses in Buddhist studies.

REL 529
Foundations of Judaism: Torah, Prayer and Acts of Kindness (3)
This course traces the evolution of rabbinic Judaism in its history, beliefs, literature and practices. Beginning with its formation in the first century of the Common Era, we follow major developments through the Middle Ages and into the modern period. Along the way, we learn about the Jewish conception of Torah in both its metaphysical and practical elements. We study material from the foundational texts of the Oral Torah: Mishnah, Gemara and Midrash, as well as later texts. Jewish law, philosophy, Kabbalah, sacred time and contemplative prayer are studied and discussed.

REL 530
Contemplative Hinduism (3)
An experiential and philosophical introduction to the scriptures and spiritual practices of Hindu traditions with emphasis on the Vedas, early tantra and the yoga sutras of Patanjali. A portion of each class is devoted to practice: meditation, pranayama, mantra and ritual.

REL 532e
Buddhism: The Way of Wisdom and Compassion (3)
Providing a basic introduction to the ideas, perspectives and practices of Buddhism, this course looks at the life and cultural context of Buddha Shakyamuni, founder of Buddhism. Students then examine the core teachings of Buddhism as found in the four noble truths. Discussions include a reflection on the importance of recognizing suffering as the first step on the spiritual path; the role of karma in human bondage and liberation; the reality of a state beyond the chaos and confusion of the human condition; and the effectiveness of the Buddhist path based on ethical behavior and meditation.

REL 533/533e
Tibetan II (4)
A continuation of Tibetan I. The second semester continues the work begun in Tibetan I with the addition of working on an actual Tibetan text. Students use a mandala approach of developing varied oral, aural and written skills to produce an overall knowledge of the language. Prerequisite: REL 503.

REL 535
Introduction to Jewish Mysticism (3)
The course focuses on three major trends in the history of Jewish mysticism: Spanish Kabbalah, the School of Isaac Luria and East European Hasidism. Topics include theosophy and theurgy, ecstatic and contemplative prayer, mystical psychology, soul transmigration and esoteric interpretation of scripture. The course provides a basic kabbalistic vocabulary and introduction to primary mystical sources that prepare a student for further study of contemplative Judaism.

REL 536e
Buddhist Teachings on Mind and Emotions: The Abhidharma Tradition (3)
Tracing the Buddha’s early discoveries about mind and emotion, this course follows the pedagogy of meditative investigation. The curriculum, called the Abhidharma, the school of refined investigation, follows the Abhidharma sources of several Buddhist traditions, especially those foundational to Vipassana meditation of the Theravada school and Shamatha-vipashyana meditation of Tibetan Buddhism. The course integrates elements from traditional monastic training adapted to a contemporary setting: weekly memorization of a passage of scripture, guided contemplations and the reading of Buddhist scripture in translation. Relevant parallels with contemporary psychology and cognitive science are also indicated.

REL 537
Sanskrit II (4)
A continuation of Sanskrit I. Prerequisite: REL 507.

REL 539
Biblical Hebrew I (4)
A thorough introduction to Biblical Hebrew, the language of TaNaKh (Old Testament), the course begins with mastering the Hebrew alphabet and covers major aspects of Biblical Hebrew grammar. Special emphasis is placed on conjugation of verbs, inflection of nouns and pronouns, and acquisition of basic vocabulary. The goal is to provide the student with sufficient knowledge of Biblical Hebrew for reading a variety of elementary Biblical texts.

REL 540
Zen Buddhism (3)
The history, basic meditation forms and Zen writings are studied as signposts for living our lives. Each class period includes a period of zazen (Zen meditation) and each student must attend a weekend sesshin (Zen retreat) at the Great Mountain Zen Center (additional cost is approximately $80). In the class, we are introduced to the enigmatic Zen koans and study the Zen approach to the Heart Sutra plus select writings of Bodhidharma, the Third Zen Patriarch, Zen Masters of the Golden Age of Zen in China, Dogen and Hakuin.

REL 541e/REL 337e
Essence of World Religions I
The primary emphasis of this course is on reading and research in the World Scriptures including the addendum literature that supports religious principles and articulates the religions from an ancient and contemporary perspective. There are many faith systems existing today that have affected our manner of interaction throughout the centuries. This course supplies a comprehensive overview of the ethical and spiritual values of seven major religions: Goddess (Pagan) Religion; the Hindu Religion; Zoroastrian Religion; Buddhist Religion; Jewish Religion; the Christian Religion; and the Religion of Islam. The secondary emphasis aids students in understanding the ways in which the different religions are organized, the hierarchies of authority and control and the subsystems that define the lineage of teaching and give a particular religion its uniqueness. How the truths are preserved through each religion's teachers, gurus, lamas, bhikkhus, popes, shamans, imams, rabbis is examined. The units of study in this course are  Creation, Wisdom, Purity, Compassion, Moral and Ethical Law, Self-sacrifice and Unity.

REL 545
Contemplative Islam (3)
An introduction to the belief system and cultures of the Islamic world via an interactive approach. Emphasis is placed on the traditional values, beliefs and prescribed practices of the Islamic world as expounded in the key authoritative Islamic sources: the Qur’an and the Sunna of the Prophet Muhammad. A central theme that is examined is the doctrine of tawhid, or the unity of God, which underlies all Islamic thought and belief. Students participate in a variety of Islamic rituals and practices in order to gain a firsthand experience of Islam.

REL 546
Buddhism in America (3)
This course surveys the variety of ways in which Buddhism continues to influence contemporary American culture, and in turn be influenced by it. In particular, we explore the ways in which Buddhism has changed and adapted in the different American Buddhist communities. Our scope includes spirituality and religion, literature, social activism, pluralism and dialogue. Student projects focus on specific Buddhist communities that have joined facets of Buddhist and American culture. Grading criteria includes short writing assignments, final exam and term paper. Prerequisite: REL 160, REL 240 or REL 245.

REL 547
Monthlong Meditation Intensive: A Program of Buddhist Practice and Study (1.5–6)
This intensive, called a “teaching dathun,” is a four-week, 3-credit program at Shambhala Mountain Center in the mountains of northern Colorado. Participants sit for about eight hours each day, eat meals Japanese Zen or “oryoki” style and have daily talks on meditation and the spiritual path. Other elements include meditation interviews, group discussions and community activities. Other teaching dathuns may receive 1.5 to 3 credits also with prior approval of the department. Other nonteaching dathuns may receive up to 3 credits.

REL 552W
Zen Intensive Weekend (1)
The teaching and practice of Zen Buddhism assumes that there is a Big Mind present in all mental and physical activities, that this Big Mind can be realized and that its realization can be matured. The class looks at how this Zen paradigm—its teachings, practices and realization— can be a personal vision and part of professional contemporary psychology.

REL 553
Tibetan III (4)
This course continues to expand student knowledge of the grammar and vocabulary of literary Tibetan primarily through translating texts in different genres such as sutras, lives of Buddhist saints, history, philosophy and so forth. It also continues to develop student knowledge of spoken Tibetan. Prerequisite: REL 533.

REL 554W
Mahayana Meditation (1)
When the vast network of pain and confusion in the world is experienced, one can become overwhelmed and full of despair. But the Buddhist tradition provides training that allows one to look deeply into this pain and confusion in order to discover the courageous heart available to everyone. This weekend introduces the lojong (mind training) teachings of the twelfth-century Buddhist master Atisha that demonstrate in a practical way how to engage the world and to transform pain and confusion into compassion.

REL 557
Sanskrit III (4)
A continuation into the second year of basic Sanskrit grammar, pronunciation, dictionary usage and vocabulary acquisition. There is strong emphasis on noun compounds (samaasas). We move onwards through the Goldman & Goldman primer, Devavanipravesika. We read selectively in a range of texts, including Hindu & Buddhist scripture, and secular court poetry. Stanzas from Bhagavad Gita are introduced, as well as the Heart Sutra. Particular attention is given in class to Indic culture, its connection to Sanskrit language and religious traditions, and issues raised by the work of translation. Prerequisite: REL 537.

REL 558e
Introduction to Zen Buddhism (3)
The course explores various aspects of Zen Buddhism, starting with instruction on Zen meditation and meditation techniques including koan study (Zen “logical paradoxes”) and shikantaza (“just sitting”). Then we study the lives and teachings of important Zen masters as gateways into some of the approaches to Zen and as signposts for living our own lives. Prerequisite: Instructor approval required. Students are asked to email the instructor a short spiritual biography of themselves.

REL 559e
Online Tibetan II (3)
In this course we continue to lay the foundation for proficiency in the Tibetan language, with the dual goal of communication and access to the wisdom teachings of Tibetan Buddhism. While continuing to build reading skills and vocabulary, this unit looks at some more areas of Tibetan sentence structure, especially verbs. Students working in this section will be able to form sentences for speaking as well as doing some actual translation work from textual sources.

REL 562
Engaged Buddhism Training II: Marginalized Populations—Ministry and Social Entrepreneurship (3)
The focal point of EB Training II is a street retreat in Denver during practice week and a social action project carried out by the students as a group. The street retreat is led by a peacemaker priest or another street retreat leader approved by the Peacemaker Community. The retreat is preceded by sufficient classroom work to prepare the students and followed up with further classroom work to help students integrate their experience into their overall learning path. Students also conceive, plan and carry out a social action project together as a group.

REL 564e/REL 364e
Essence of World Religions II (3)
The primary emphasis of this course is on reading and research in the World Scriptures including the addendum literature that supports religious principles and articulates the religions from an ancient and contemporary perspective. There are many faith systems existing today that have affected our manner of interaction throughout the centuries. This course covers seven major religions and is structured to supply a comprehensive overview of the ethical and spiritual values that humanity praises: the Native American Tradition; the Taoist Religion; Confucianism; Women and Religion; the Sikh Religion; the Sufi Path; and the African Diaspora. The secondary emphasis aids students in understanding the ways in which the different religions are organized, the hierarchies of authority and control and the sub-systems that define the lineage of teaching and give a particular religion its uniqueness. How the truths are preserved through each religion's teachers, gurus, lamas, bhikkhus, popes, shamans, imams, rabbis is examined. The themes for this course are Nature, Action in Non-action, Human-heartedness, Non-harming, the Divine Name, the Path Love and the Great Belonging.

REL 568
Biblical Hebrew II (4)
This course provides an understanding of PaRDeS-exegesis tool for comprehensive understanding of Biblical text on four dimensions; a system of hermeneutics that gives learners keys that help them to penetrate the different layers of the text and enable them to move from the explicit to the implicit levels.

REL 571
Centering Prayer as Christian Contemplation (3)
This course introduces the Christian contemplative practice of Centering Prayer, as taught by Fr. Thomas Keating and Contemplative Outreach. It places this practice in the broader tradition of Christian contemplation, as a path of transformation in Christ that allows greater freedom in oneself and greater compassion for others. The course includes instruction in an active practice for integrating Centering Prayer into daily life, a day of intensive practice and study of Christian contemplative practice.

REL 572e/REL 272e
The Living Spirituality of Tibetan Buddhism (3)
This course will provide you with a basic, in depth introduction to the Buddhism of Tibet and, most especially its living spirituality. Through our study, we will come to understand Tibetan Buddhism, both as it developed and was practiced within the traditional Tibetan context and also as it is now making its way into the spiritual life of many modern, Western people. Through our course we will be looking at Tibetan Buddhism on two levels. First, we will be looking at the classical tradition. What were its major elements and how were these understood and experienced by Tibetans? Second, we will be asking what those traditional ways have to say to us modern people who, perhaps, thirst for a depth of spiritual practice and understanding that we do not readily find in our fast-paced, modern context.

REL 583
Tibetan IV (4)
This course continues to expand student knowledge of the grammar and vocabulary of literary Tibetan primarily through translating texts in different genres such as sutras, lives of Buddhist saints, history, philosophy and so forth. Also continues to develop student knowledge of spoken Tibetan. Prerequisite: REL 553.

REL 585
Spiritual Models of Social Action (3)
A study of historical and contemporary figures who exemplify the spiritual ideals of nonviolent social action, tracing their unique ways of turning their personal challenges into nonviolent leadership. Drawing upon autobiography, biography, critical analysis and film as source material, students develop a personal dialogue with each of these activists, examining how inner and outer journeys join in spiritually based social activism. Activists studied include major historical figures such as Mohandas K. Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. as well as recent Nobel peace prize recipients such as Shirin Ebadi, Desmond Tutu and quasileaderless movements such as The Mothers of La Plaza de Mayo.

REL 587
Sanskrit IV (4)
This semester completes the range of Sanskrit grammar, with secondary conjugations, vocabulary acquisition, an investigation of etymology and a study of the principles behind words and their meanings. In addition to finishing the textbook on grammar, the Devavanipravesika, the class reads examples of a range of Buddhist, Hindu and secular verses. Increased attention is given to translation and the hands-on practice of bringing ancient texts into the contemporary world.A continuation of Sanskrit III. Prerequisite: REL 557.

REL 600
Meditation Practicum I (3)
Students are introduced to sitting meditation practice drawn from the Tibetan Buddhist tradition of shamatha-vipashyana. Weekly lectures emphasize experiential aspects of the practice, involving such topics as the discovery of impermanence, working with emotions and the cultivation of maitri (loving-kindness). This course includes weekly discussion groups, individual meetings with a meditation instructor and daily meditation practice. MA and MDiv.

REL 602
Communication: Family Systems (3)
This class examines family patterns as they impact our ability to communicate with and to be present to others. By means of genograms, Virginia Satir’s experiential exercises, family sculpts and the contemplative practices of basic attendance and exchange, students explore their ability to open and their “rules for commenting” in relationship. It is recommended that students taking this class also enroll in the related 1-credit class, REL 616, Process Lab 1.

REL 603
Tibetan V (4)
This course continues to expand student knowledge of the grammar and vocabulary of literary Tibetan primarily through translating texts in different genres such as sutras, lives of Buddhist saints, history, philosophy and so forth. Also continues to develop student knowledge of spoken Tibetan. Prerequisite: REL 385/583.

REL 608/REL 608e/ REL 208e
The Founder: The Life and Teachings of Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche (3)
An exploration of the lineage, background and context, including both India and Tibet, of Trungpa Rinpoche’s life and teaching. The course explores core themes including the centrality of meditation practice; the framework of the “three yanas” as definitive of the stages of spiritual and psychological growth that mark the maturation of the human person; the tension between the ‘lonely journey’ and community and organizational life; and the role of ‘crazy wisdom’ in the life of a realized teacher.

REL 609W
Mindfulness Instructor Training I (1)
First of a three-course series on the confluence of meditation instruction, meditation practice and pastoral care in an interfaith setting. Participants develop skills in the basics of first-time meditation instruction and ongoing meditation mentorship. Working with meditation instruction for people in extreme or challenging environments or states of mind is addressed. Special attention is given to shamatha instruction, the initial instruction, advising on posture and later interviews. Practical demonstration, mock interviews and meetings with feedback sessions are interspersed with lectures on the view underlying meditation practice and mentorship. MDiv only. Others by permission of the department. Prerequisite: must have completed a dathun and submitted an application for this course.

REL 611
The First Turning of the Wheel: Nature of Mind and Emotions (3)
The First Turning introduces the early sutra discourses of the Buddha and the Abhidharma (“higher dharma”) distillation of the Buddhist teachings on the nature, structure and operation of the mind and emotions. This course provides a selected survey of the essential texts from both the Northern (Vaibhashika) and Southern (Theravada) schools, along with historical context and applications to meditation practice. Required for History of Religions course sequence.

REL 614
Mind and Its World I (3)
An in-depth systematic exploration of 1) the many types of minds and mental factors that arise and 2) the objects that comprise the world that mind experiences. Since delusion and suffering arise with respect to these, this study is the basis for understanding our experience, undoing delusion and generating insight. Required for Tibetan Tradition course sequence.

REL 615
Group Process I: Conflict and Diversity (3)
The first of two courses examining the nature of the human group-field. Of particular concern is how human groups create both helpful and harmful conditions in the world. This class provides the theoretical underpinnings of the group-field, including living systems theory, group dynamics, liberation theory, conflict theory and healthy communication models such as mediation and nonviolent communication. Woven throughout is a focus on the dynamics of privilege, power and diversity, and group-field process work as a way to engage group life.

REL 616
Process Lab I (1)
The first in a series of small groups in which students participate throughout their tenure in the Master of Divinity program. Emphasis is on providing support for the students’ journey. Taken concurrently with REL 602. Instructor approval required for non-MDIV students.

REL 620
Meditation Practicum II (3)
This course continues the instruction in meditation practice begun in the fall semester, emphasizing Mahayana practice, including the generation of an enlightened attitude (bodhicitta), the practice of the perfections (paramitas), the training of the mind (lojong) and the exchange of the self and other (tonglen). Prerequisite: REL 600.

REL 623
Religious Experience in Africa: Sacred Cosmos, Ritual and Community (3)
The course is an introduction to the cultural study of traditional African religions. We begin with close attention to cosmology, the traditional view of the world as filled with living, sacred powers. These powers are experienced in various ways—as ancestral presences, nature deities and personal guardian spirits. Therefore, we focus on ritual practices—ways of communicating with unseen forces to bring communal and personal healing, restoring balance in the human relationship to nature.

REL 624
Mind and Its World II (3)
An exploration of the dynamics of samsara and the path to liberation as presented primarily in Foundational Buddhism. Karma, the twelve links of dependent origination, rebirth, Buddhist cosmology, stages of the path, the nature of nirvana and so forth are examined. The historical spread of these teachings is also examined. Prerequisite: REL 614. Required for Tibetan Tradition sequence.

REL 625
Biblical Literatures: Prayer and Prophecy (3)
Combining a survey of Judaeo-Christian canonical, biblical texts with their contemporaneous ancient near Eastern literatures including Gnosticism, this course introduces the student to traditions of prayer, ritual and liturgy and enables the student to develop lectio divina as a contemplative practice. This course meets the needs of MDiv students preparing practices for pastoral care. The role and root of prophets in the Western engaged social justice and peacemaking lineages are explored. Finally contemporary problems of textual interpretation influencing fundamentalism, gender, concepts of God and spirituality today are addressed. Open to all above 30 credit hours.

REL 626
Topics in Judaism: Feminine Principle (3)
The appearance of God's feminine face is elusive in Jewish scriptures, flickering on and off like a remote light, signaling to us through the dense forest of masculine voices. We stalk this alluring Divine Presence as She reveals Herself in the Wisdom Literature (Job, Proverbs and Intertestimental Texts), Rabbinic Literature, Jewish Medieval Philosophers and the early Kabbalistic texts (Bahir and Zohar). Students are asked to keep an ongoing dialogical journal with Chochmah (Wisdom) as well as to experience the feminine presence firsthand by participating in a Jewish prayer community during the fall celebrations of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur.

REL 627
Sanskrit V (4)
A continuation of Sanskrit IV. Prerequisite: REL 587.

REL 628
Studying Buddhism: Methods and Issues (3)
Given its diversity, what constitutes Buddhism? This course investigates traditional guidelines for understanding, interpreting and arranging the diverse teachings and practices of Buddhism. Contemporary transformations and interpretations of Buddhism also are considered. Topics covered include the role of lineages, teachers, meditation; the use of intellect, community, personal experience and so forth. Required for Tibetan Tradition sequence.

REL 633
Tibetan VI (4)
This course continues to expand student knowledge of the grammar and vocabulary of literary Tibetan primarily through translating texts in different genres such as sutras, lives of Buddhist saints, history, philosophy and so forth. Also continues to develop student knowledge of spoken Tibetan. Prerequisite: REL 603.

REL 634
Hindu Yoga-Tantra (3)
Hindu Tantra envisions Ultimate Reality as intertwined aspects of Shiva and Shakti. We study contemplative theory and practices from Tantric texts and commentaries, including sacred ritual, deity forms, mantra, yantra (sacred geometry), nyasa (sacred energetic placements), chakras and visualizations. We also explore Kashmir Shaivism, a nondualistic monism, and the Srividya Goddess tradition. Tantric influences in Indian poetry, art and dance-music forms are shared whenever possible. The last class features a culminating class worship ritual (puja) incorporating many Tantric contemplative tools studied all semester.

REL 635
Meditation Practicum III: Maitri and Mandala (3)
This course continues the practicum sequence, emphasizing Vajrayana topics such as mandala principle and the Buddha families, including discussion of the neurosis and sanity associated with each family. Space awareness practice (maitri) provides a personal experience of these families, and this practice is a central part of this class. Prerequisites: REL 600 and REL 620 or permission of the instructor. MA only.

REL 639
Analytical Meditation I (1)
This course trains students in how to integrate study and personal experience through the practice of analytical meditation, i.e., through vipasyana or insight meditation.The material to be investigated is drawn from the two companion courses of REL 614 and REL 628.

REL 643
Ethics and Issues in the Practice of Pastoral Care (3)
This class addresses the skillful means necessary to engage the suffering of others and to support them through major life transitions. With guest lecturers who specialize in hospital counseling, elder care, hospice work and bereavement counseling, we explore approaches to working in these contexts. Students participate in extensive role-play and study and discussion of the key texts in these counseling specialties.

REL 645
Methods and Issues in the Study of Religion (3)
This course examines a variety of methodologies that have been and continue to be used to study religion. Scanning a range of religious phenomena, from the mystical experience, to myth and ritual, sacred image, word, space and more, we explore the writings of scholars who have drawn on philosophical, sociological, comparative, feminist and postmodern methodologies. The aim of the course is as much to build a theoretical foundation for the further study of religion as to provide a forum to examine and develop our own understanding and definitions of the religious life. Readings include work by James, Otto, Buber, Levi-Strauss, Some, Turner, Eliade.

REL 647
The Three Jewels: Buddha, Dharma and Sangha (3)
The Three Jewels—“Buddha, Dharma and Sangha”—provide a useful summary of the foundations of Buddhist tradition as it existed in its Indian homeland, in greater Asia, and now in the West. This course explores the history and meaning of the Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, in both historical and transhistorical perspective; a survey of the most important principles of Dharma, the Buddhist teachings, in terms of “what has been taught” and “what has been experienced”; and an emanation of the basic principles of Buddhist community, or the sangha. Required for History of Religions sequence.

REL 649
Religious Studies Seminar I: Nondualism in Theory and Practice (3)
This class focuses on three traditional conceptions of reality as nondual. We compare the teachings and approaches to nonduality in neoplatonism, Advaita Vedanta and HaBaD Hasidism. Special attention is paid to the ways in which each tradition explains the tension between oneness and multiplicity, the question of free will and the ultimate purpose of existence. We also compare contemplative methods and goals of practice that are utilized by each tradition.
Readings include selections from Plotinus’ Enneads, the Ashtavakra Gita and Rabbi Shmuel Schneersohn of Lubavitch's True Existence.

REL 650
Dathun: Monthlong Meditation Intensive (noncredit)
A monthlong meditation practicum (dathun) of intensive daily group meditation in which students practice shamatha-vipashyana (following the Tibetan tradition) with the guidance of trained meditation instructors. This training provides direct insight into the nature of the Buddhist teachings on a personal level. The dathun is a noncredit requirement for the MA degrees in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Indo-Tibetan Buddhism with Language and the Master of Divinity degree. It is highly recommended that students complete their dathun by the winter break between the fall and spring semesters of their first year, but no later than the summer following their first year.

REL 651
Contemplative Practice Retreat (noncredit)
This thirty-day retreat can be done at an established contemplative center in a faith tradition of the student’s choice: a Christian hermitage, monastery, ashram, etc. The retreat gives the participant an opportunity to practice a prescribed discipline while living in community with others in a contemplative environment. Choice of retreat to be approved by dept. beforehand. MA only. Required for MA Religious Studies students.

REL 652
Group Process II: Cultivating the Sacred (3)
The second of two classes on understanding and working with the human group-field. With a theoretical basis established in the previous course, this class continues to examine group-field process work in a variety of “applied” expressions. Examples of these include dialogue practice, community-based ritual practice, wisdom circles, archetypal motifs and principles of restorative justice. While this is a more experiential class, it continues to explore earlier themes around conflict, diversity and sacred view.

REL 653
Self and No-Self: Analytical Meditation and Experience (3)
Selflessness is considered a profound and difficult teaching. The subject is first approached indirectly by exploring the deeply conceptualized nature of human experience. This leads to identifying our experience of having a “self” and analyzing this “self” using analytical meditation. Does it exist or is it just an emotionalized fabrication? Prerequisite: REL 614. MA and MDiv or with permission of instructor. Required for Tibetan Tradition sequence.

REL 654
Process Lab II (1)
A continuation of REL 616. MDiv, taken concurrently with REL 615.

REL 661
The Second Turning of the Wheel: The Bodhisattva Path (3)
This course examines the philosophical view, meditation practice and compassionate action of the bodhisattva path, as expressed in selected Mahayana texts. The Prajnaparamita and the Vimalakirti sutras provide the ground from which the bodhisattva path is explored in Shantideva's Bodhicaryavatara. Finally, the ultimate view of emptiness is explored in the work of Nagarjuna’s Root Verses of the Middle Way and its commentaries. Required for History of Religions concentration.

REL 664
Advanced Shedra Texts (3)
Each year an advanced text of the Tibetan Buddhist monastic educational system (shedra) is selected for study in this course, along with any pertinent Indian and Tibetan commentaries available in translation. Study of such advanced texts presupposes a grounding in the foundation courses of the shedra tradition, which the students will have received through their preceding eight courses. This course then serves as a capstone course for the Tibetan Tradition sequence of courses in that it typically requires the students to draw on knowledge they have learned in a wide range of subjects in order to understand the new text.

REL 665
Analytical Meditation II (1)
This course trains students to integrate study with personal experience through the practice of analytical meditation in vipasyana or insight meditation, based on topics from REL 624, Mind and Its World II: 1) mind and mental factors; 2) cause, effect and karma; and 3) the use of reasoning.

REL 667
Sanskrit VI (4)
A continuation of Sanskrit V. Prerequisite: REL 627.

REL 670
Religious Studies Seminar II: Journeys East, Journeys West (3)
Much of the current interest in spirituality and methods of self-transformation can be traced back to seekers and emissaries of the previous century who in some important way integrated the wisdom traditions of East and West. In this seminar, we examine the writings, motivation and experiences of some of the key figures in this process. Among those that we study are Madame Blavatsky, Alexandra David-Neel, Rene Guenon, G. I. Gurdjieff, Swami Vivekananda, Sri Aurobindo, Hazrat Inayat Khan and Paul Brunton. We are particularly interested in exploring ways that Eastern and Western views are integrated in the teaching and practice of these figures and uncovering the meta questions that arise in a close reading of their work.

REL 676
Contemplative Jewish Practice (3)
This course presents an opportunity to experience forms of contemplative practice with Judaism, as well as study the history of Jewish contemplative practice. The focus is on teachings, texts and methods of practice that Jews have utilized in order to accomplish particular spiritual goals. Such practices include types of meditation, contemplation, visualization, self-reflection, prayer, retreats, chanting and conscious action.

REL 682
Madhyamaka: The Teaching of Emptiness (3)
The Mahayana Buddhist teachings on emptiness, shunyata, point out that the nature of reality is beyond conceptual mind or any other reference point. The great madhyamaka masters of India and Tibet demonstrated this through compassionate instruction that leads the student through the labyrinth of concept to its boundaries, pointing to vast space. The instructor prepares the ground for the course of study, and a Rinpoche’s talks follow the selected text in line-by-line contemporary comment and fresh perspective. BA with permission of the instructor. Required for History of Religions concentration.

REL 699
Independent Study (1–3)
MA only.

REL 701
The Middle Way School (3)
This uncompromising rejection of stable findable existence in any phenomena is a radical challenge to our sense of having an existent self that experiences solid objects. Its famous teaching of emptiness has generated a range of interpretations, which are explored, particularly in the Tibetan Kagyü, Nyingma and Geluk schools. Prerequisites: REL 614, REL 624, REL 653. Required for Tibetan Tradition concentration.

REL 702
Advanced Translation Project: Tibetan (1.5–3)
One-on-one mentoring of a Tibetan language student by a senior translator. The student selects a Tibetan text or portion of a text in consultation with the senior translator. The goal is to deepen the student's knowledge of the grammar, vocabulary, cultural context and content of the specific text and genre. Students may only take this class with the permission of the department.

REL 703
Advanced Translation Project: Sanskrit (1.5–3)
One-on-one mentoring of a Sanskrit language student by a senior translator. The student selects a Sanskrit text or portion of a text in consultation with the senior translator. The goal is to deepen the student's knowledge of the grammar, vocabulary, cultural context and content of the specific text and genre. Students may only take this class with the permission of the department.

REL 705
The Mind Only School (noncredit)
The Mind Only School provides an insightful exploration into how we create and maintain the illusion of our projections, along with all the suffering that such illusion engenders. Analytical meditation is used to explore this process of conceptual and emotional projection and how we might transform it. Students register for this course through Naropa but take it in their Nitartha Institute summer program. Prerequisites: REL 614, REL 624, REL 653. Required for Tibetan Tradition concentration.

REL 709W
Mindfulness Instructor Training II (1)
Second of a three-course series focusing on the confluence of meditation instruction, meditation practice and pastoral care in an interfaith environment. Participants develop skills in the basics of first-time meditation instruction and ongoing meditation mentorship. Special attention is given to working with people with difficulties and pain and working in pastoral care settings. Tonglen instructions and making tonglen part of our personal practice of pastoral care are covered. Practical demonstration, mock interviews and meetings with feedback sessions make up the bulk of the course, interspersed with lectures on the view underlying meditation practice and mentorship. MDiv only. Others by permission of the department. Prerequisite: REL 609.

REL 710
The Third Turning of the Wheel (3)
An examination of the most important perspectives, ideas and practices of the Third Turning orientation of the Yogacara, which emphasizes meditation and the dynamics of emptiness. Our study includes reading from core sutras such as the Samdhinirmocana, the Lankavatara and the Avatamsaka, as well as from commentaries of Asanga, Vasubandhu and others. Our understanding is illuminated by modern interpretations of both Asian and Western scholars. Required for History of Religions concentration.

REL 712
Applied Theology I: Loss and Grief (2)
This course is in support of the MDiv student fieldwork during the summer semester. Students continue the work begun in REL 643, reflecting together on the application of their contemplative counseling skills in their internship setting.

REL 720
Buddha Nature and Shentong Traditions (noncredit)
An exploration of the Buddha Nature tradition that proclaims all beings to have the capacity to uncover enlightened qualities already present within themselves
but that are presently blocked from view by their obscurations. Includes a discussion of how this sutra tradition leads to, and finds its fulfillment in, the Vajrayana. Students register for this course through Naropa but take in their Nitartha Institute summer program. Prerequisites: REL 614, REL 624, REL 653, REL 701, REL 705. Required for Tibetan Tradition concentration.

REL 728
Process Lab III (1)
A continuation of REL 654. MDiv only. To be taken concurrently with REL 652.

REL 747
Master of Divinity Fieldwork (noncredit)
The CPE (Clinical Pastoral Education) internship gives Master of Divinity students the opportunity to explore personal and professional growth issues in their roles as interfaith chaplains in various settings. Through weekly seminars, didactics, theological reflections and individual and group supervision, students explore the purpose and meaning of providing pastoral care to people in crisis. Strong emphasis is placed on the students’ understanding of their own personal issues and dynamics as these arise in the process of helping others. MDiv only.

REL 749
Contemporary American Religion (3)
This course explores the diversity of American religious life from numerous perspectives, thereby providing students with the practical vocabulary to both understand and interact with the diversity of contemporary religious life. Students survey American religious communities (Christian, Muslim, Jewish, etc.) and examine specific beliefs, rituals and liturgical practices and their application in crisis and transition situations that span the human life cycle-such as birth, marriage, illness and death. The class also provides hands-on opportunities for students to both visit local religious communities and learn from practitioners in these communities.

REL 750
The Path to Enlightenment (3)
Includes the five paths, ten grounds and obstacles on the bodhisattva path, the relationship between wisdom and compassion, the time scale of the path, the differences between arhats, Bodhisattvas and Buddhas, the three bodies of a buddha, how the Vajrayana path differs from the sutra Mahayana path and so forth. Prerequisites: REL 614, REL 624, REL 653, REL 701, REL 705. Required for Tibetan Tradition concentration (not for MDiv).

REL 751
Buddhism in Tibet (3)
This course traces the development of Buddhism in Tibet, principally during the first and second spreading of Buddhism when most of the classical forms of Tibetan Buddhism evolved. Attention is given to the various roles of Nikaya, Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism and to the interplay of religious, social and political factors in this process. Special attention is paid to Tibet’s unique contributions to Buddhism. Required for History of Religions concentration (not
for MDiv).

REL 760
Vajrayana: Symbol, Iconography and Ritual (3)
This course explores selected literature of the Vajrayana Buddhism in Tibet, from its inception in the seventh century until the Tibetan diaspora in 1959, with emphasis upon the tantric saint and the tantric goddess, or dakini. Readings from several genres include biographical and sacred histories, realization literature and meditation manuals. The challenges of interpreting symbols and iconography in religion, especially when they are gendered, are examined. Required for History of Religions course concentration.

REL 762
Applied Theology II: A Systems Approach to Counseling and Caregiving (3)
For third-year MDiv students, this class provides ongoing instruction, direction and guidance for student fieldwork occurring primarily within the Naropa community. Students and instructors meet weekly, focusing on the nature and meaning of doing community-based and spiritually engaged fieldwork in the arenas of pastoral care and change agency.

REL 765
Analytical Meditation III (1)
This course trains students in how to integrate study with personal experience through the practice of analytical meditation in vipasyana or insight meditation, based on topics drawn from two companion courses: REL 701, Middle Way: School, and REL 750, Path to Enlightenment.

REL 768
Process Lab IV (1)
A continuation of REL 728. MDiv only.

REL 779
Interreligious Dialogue: Theory and Practice (3)
This course introduces the student to the creative potential of interreligious dialogue for expanding one's theology and communicating effectively and compassionately across the American religious spectrum. After developing savvy with views of dialogue, students learn essential skills and protocols applicable to a variety of dialogue settings. Classes also include dialogue practica workshops.

REL 780
Meditation Practicum IV: Mudra Space Awareness (3)
Space can seem hostile or benevolent, seductive or enriching. One can either fight with the situation or work with it in a creative manner by recognizing it as it is. Our perceptions are colored by neurosis or heightened by openness. This course further builds on space awareness teachings of Trungpa Rinpoche, combining mudra theater exercises with maitri practice. The specific exercises offer a means for developing an appreciation of one’s self and others in the context of an active, changing space. Prerequisites: Meditation Practicum I, II, III or by permission of instructor. MA only.

REL 802
Applied Theology III: A Systems Approach to Counseling and Caregiving (3)
For third-year MDiv students, this class provides ongoing instruction, direction and guidance for student fieldwork occurring primarily within the Naropa community. Students and instructors meet weekly, focusing on the nature and meaning of doing community-based and spiritually engaged fieldwork in the arenas of pastoral care and change agency. Prerequisite: REL 762.

REL 803
MDiv Research Methodology (1.5)
This course provides students with an overview of research methodology and applied theology in preparation for the MDiv culminating project. MDiv only.

REL 809W
Mindfulness Instructor Training III (1)
Last in a three-course series focused on meditation instruction, meditation practice and pastoral care in an interfaith environment. Participants develop skills in the basics of first-time meditation instruction and ongoing meditation mentorship. Special attention is on interfaith contexts, working with people and practices from other faith traditions and articulating the Buddhist and Shambhala view of meditation practice in professional and interreligious dialogue settings. Practical demonstration, mock interviews and meetings with feedback sessions make up the bulk of the course time, interspersed with lectures on the view underlying meditation practice and mentorship. MDiv only. Others by permission of the department. Prerequisite: REL 709W.

REL 853
MDiv Thesis Seminar (1.5)
This course includes peer and individual supervision and feedback in the preparation and presentation of the MDiv culminating project. MDiv only.

REL 885
Master’s Project/Translation (noncredit)
MA only.

REL 886
Extended Master’s Project (0.5)
Students who have not completed the master’s project may qualify for an extension of the master’s project semester. May be repeated. MA and MDiv only.